Title :
Alexandria
Zero Carbon City
Author : Abd El-Aziz Farouk Abd El-Aziz Mohamed
Collection : Ph.D. Architecture
Abstract:
”Nothing
else damages the earth’s environment more than our cities. As the world’s
population has grown, our cities have burgeoned, and their impact on the
environment worsened.” Sir: Richard Rogers, 2008 (One of the world’s leading
architects & the book’s author ”Cities for a Small Planet”) Cities, like
human beings, have the common nature of continuous change. Being called growth,
deviation or expansions reflects the same sense ensuring that city is never in
a stagnant state. Many cities around the world are facing the global problems
such as the problem of running-out of fossil fuels and their increasing global demand,
consequently the future of cities is limited because there is no longer enough
energy to run them. It is the gap between the uses of fossil fuels and the
exponential rise in the demand of energy which already resulting in the energy
insecurity that will be a hallmark of life and in all countries in the next
decades. Another one is the emissions of greenhouse gases arising from burning
of fossil fuels to generate energy that leads to climate change and global
warming. Egypt is one of the countries, in the hot arid region, that face these
environmental problems. Sustainable urban development is essential to enhance
the quality of life of the citizens, protect human health and to decrease the
impact of cities upon resources outside the urban context. Thus, there is a
need for zero-carbon cities which are urban areas powered by renewable energy
techniques and technologies. This thesis aims to achieve the criteria of
designing zero-carbon city and maximizing the benefits of sustainable
technologies through an integrated planning and design approach. A ’bigger
picture’ approach to planning and development is required to realize the
benefits of preparing Egypt’s built environment for a carbon constrained future
and recognize the Egyptian people the importance of the benefits of these
technologies on the environment and their health. The first part of this thesis
discusses the issue of the planning future sustainable cities and how to apply
all the new innovative renewable energy solutions to the construction and
operation of these developments. The second part explores and evaluates the
effectiveness of existing and proposed carbon neutral and zero carbon
development projects, and assesses whether they would be suitable for
adaptation into the Egyptian built environment. The central focus of the thesis
is the identification of characteristics of cutting-edge sustainable built form
outcomes and illustration of their integral role in pursuing a more sustainable
future for Egypt. The thesis case study in the third and fourth parts
concentrates on developing of Alexandria city as a platform for a high quality
of life where inhabitants can find the carbon footprint is zero. It presents
the ways of new innovative strategies in the Mostafa Kamel Residential
Shiakhaa, East District which generate energy from renewable resources in
addition to waste-to-energy strategy which then runs an engine that generate
electricity. It concerns with the transportation systems and waste collection
problems which are considered the main keys to achieve zero carbon emissions
that lead to zero carbon city. These renovation processes based on the site
investigations and air quality measurements by resident’s questionnaire and air
quality measurements tools.
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