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الثلاثاء، 5 أغسطس 2014

Water Management of Meet Yazied Canal, Kafer El-Shiekh Governorate


Author        : Nermin Essam Said Ahmed El-Tahan
Degree        : M.Sc. Irrigation
Title: Water Management of Meet Yazied Canal, Kafer El-Shiekh Governorate 
Abstract
Egypt is a gift of the Nile, its destination was always linked to enhancing the utilization of its water. Since the beginning of perennial irrigation in the middle of nineteenth century until the construction of the high dam, the concern directed towards better control of the River Nile water. After the construction of the high dam and the fully control water resources, the interest directed towards controlling the demand and increasing the efficiency of water use and crop production by the unit of water in Egypt. In 1997, the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation introduced a strategic plan (1997- 2017) and one of the plan elements was the implementation of irrigation improvement project. Meet Yazied canal is one of these canals which the irrigation improvement projects were applied on it. This canal is considered one of the main sources of water in Kafr El-Shiekh and Al-Gharbia governorates. The main objective of this thesis is to study the problem of water deficiency at the end of Meet Yazied Canal and focus on the effective ways of delivering water to the end of this canal. Different approaches of storage water are presented during this research in order to overcome the shortage of water at the end of the main canal and its branches. Different scenarios are introduced simulating the flow in the canal using the ISIS simulation model which is one dimensional model using four different cases of water storage. The results have been analyzed for each case. The ISIS program is a full hydrodynamic simulator for modeling flows and levels in open channels. The results of this study showed that ISIS program is a good tool to estimate the hydraulic characteristics in open channel under different scenarios. The applied scenarios represent different storage cases for Meet Yazied Canal (case 16.7 , case 25 , case 33.3 and case 40 ) and the results are the water levels, velocities, discharges and Froude number which were studied for each case. The results of these characteristics in different locations along Meet Yazied Canal were in acceptable ranges for earthen canal unless in some places which need rehabilitation in some locations on Meet Yazied canal which were oversized due to excess dredging processes that cause widening of canal cross sections. It was shown from the results that water management is a must in Meet Yazied canal to overcome water shortage and conflict between farmers and to achieve water equity along the canal between farmers. The results of this study showed that, ISIS program is a good tool to estimate different hydraulic characteristics in open channels under different scenarios. Good agreement is obtained between the numerical model results and field data collected during the research work. Case 25 storage case is considered the best case where minimum water levels along the whole canal are observed and branch canal intakes are under the minimum water levels. Meanwhile, the embankment between km 50.940 and km 63.000 needed to be raised at some location for the case of maximum water levels.

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