Author : Nermin Essam Said Ahmed El-Tahan
Degree : M.Sc. Irrigation
Title: Water Management of Meet Yazied Canal, Kafer El-Shiekh Governorate
Abstract
Egypt is a gift of the Nile, its
destination was always linked to enhancing the utilization of its water. Since
the beginning of perennial irrigation in the middle of nineteenth century until
the construction of the high dam, the concern directed towards better control
of the River Nile water. After the construction of the high dam and the fully
control water resources, the interest directed towards controlling the demand
and increasing the efficiency of water use and crop production by the unit of
water in Egypt. In 1997, the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation
introduced a strategic plan (1997- 2017) and one of the plan elements was the
implementation of irrigation improvement project. Meet Yazied canal is one of
these canals which the irrigation improvement projects were applied on it. This
canal is considered one of the main sources of water in Kafr El-Shiekh and
Al-Gharbia governorates. The main objective of this thesis is to study the
problem of water deficiency at the end of Meet Yazied Canal and focus on the
effective ways of delivering water to the end of this canal. Different approaches
of storage water are presented during this research in order to overcome the
shortage of water at the end of the main canal and its branches. Different
scenarios are introduced simulating the flow in the canal using the ISIS
simulation model which is one dimensional model using four different cases of
water storage. The results have been analyzed for each case. The ISIS program
is a full hydrodynamic simulator for modeling flows and levels in open
channels. The results of this study showed that ISIS program is a good tool to
estimate the hydraulic characteristics in open channel under different
scenarios. The applied scenarios represent different storage cases for Meet
Yazied Canal (case 16.7 , case 25 , case 33.3 and case 40 ) and the results are
the water levels, velocities, discharges and Froude number which were studied
for each case. The results of these characteristics in different locations
along Meet Yazied Canal were in acceptable ranges for earthen canal unless in
some places which need rehabilitation in some locations on Meet Yazied canal
which were oversized due to excess dredging processes that cause widening of
canal cross sections. It was shown from the results that water management is a
must in Meet Yazied canal to overcome water shortage and conflict between
farmers and to achieve water equity along the canal between farmers. The
results of this study showed that, ISIS program is a good tool to estimate
different hydraulic characteristics in open channels under different scenarios.
Good agreement is obtained between the numerical model results and field data
collected during the research work. Case 25 storage case is considered the best
case where minimum water levels along the whole canal are observed and branch
canal intakes are under the minimum water levels. Meanwhile, the embankment
between km 50.940 and km 63.000 needed to be raised at some location for the
case of maximum water levels.
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